Spatial changes in carbon and nitrogen stable isotopes of the plankton food web in a saline lake ecosystem

We investigated spatial changes in the isotope ratios of the plankton food web in Lake Chany, Siberia, Russia, especially at an estuarine transition zone of the lake. The δ¹³C values of particulate organic matter (POM) varied among the sampling sites, and increased with increasing pH of the lake water. This may reflect a shift by phytoplankton from using CO₂ to using bicarbonate for photosynthesis with increasing pH. The δ¹³C values of zooplankton community also changed at each site along with those of the POM. This was indicative of carbon isotope changes of plankton food webs between the stations along an environmental gradient.     

韩国华津浦湖的鱼类区系

There are sevenlagoons onthe east coast of Korea,including Kyeongpo Lake,Hyang Lake,Mae Lake,Chung-cho Lake,Yeoungrang Lake,Songji Lake and HwajinpoLake.They are all originally natural and brackish waterlakes.Therefore,these lakes are not only historically veryimportant but also have high values for geological,andecological sciences.Natural lakes like lagoons are different from man-made lakes.That is,water level in natural lakes is almostconstant,cline by waterside is not much,and wet la…     

龙感湖沉积物泥芯硅藻群落和营养状态的反演

The importance of aquatic vegetation to the ecologi-cal restoration has been recognized commonly bylimnolo-gists and lake managements[1—4].As to the ecologicalrestoration in eutrophicated lakes,it is of great signifi-cance to knowthe dynamic process of the ecosystemevo-lution in a macrophyte-dominated lake under the humanimpacts in historical period,to make it clear whether thecommunitystructure and ecological function would be af-fected bythe extension of the vegetation growth,tofind asolutionto remain ste...     

COMMUNITY ANALYSIS OF AGGREGATED BACTERIA IN SOUTHERN LAKE BAIKAL

Bacteria in lake ecosystems can be classified asfree-living and attached.Aggregated bacteria are oftenlarger,present in higher local concentrations and aremore active on a per-cell basis than free-living bacteriain surrounding water[1].Higher specific exoenzyme ac-tivities have also been found with macroaggregates[2].Thus they may have an important role in carbon cyclingin aquatic ecosystems.Recently,new molecular techniques such as fluo-rescent in situ hybridization(FISH)with group-specific…     

湖泊底泥磷释放影响因素显著性试验分析

通过底泥正交模拟实验分析认为,温度、溶解氧、pH值和水动力均是影响双龙湖底泥磷释放的显著因素,各因素水平间有显著差异;影响因素显著性排序从大到小依次为溶解氧、温度、pH值、水动力;提高双龙湖水体的溶解氧水平是降低底泥磷释放的有效手段.     

云南抚仙湖沉水植物分布及群落结构特征

2005年6～7月对抚仙湖沉水植物进行了调查。共采集到沉水植物12种。沉水植物在抚仙湖沿岸浅水区均有不同程度的分布,主要分布在北岸、南岸、河口以及湖湾。分布区内平均水深4．27m,平均透明度2．96m。优势种为黑藻、穗状狐尾藻、篦齿眼子菜、金鱼藻和苦草,其优势度分别为59．08％、54．47％、54．26％、48．71％和48．30％,占群落总优势度的65．19％。根据优势种及组成特征,可将沉水植物群落分为11个类型。全湖沉水植物分布区面积318．8hm^2,资源量19502．79t,平均生物量6118g/m^2。2005年与1980年前后和2003年的调查结果相比,抚仙湖沉水植物、生物量和分布范围显著增加。     

Fitness correlates of male coloration in a Lake Victoria cichlid fish

Sexual selection by female choice has contributed to the rapidevolution of phenotypic diversity in the cichlid fish speciesflocks of East Africa. Yet, very little is known about the ecologicalmechanisms that drive the evolution of female mating preferences.We studied fitness correlates of male nuptial coloration ina member of a diverse Lake Victoria cichlid lineage, Pundamilianyererei. In this species, male red coloration is subject tointraspecific sexual selection by female mate choice. Male nuptialcoloration plays a critical role also in reproductive isolationbetween this species and the closely related sympatric speciesP. pundamilia. Here, we show that P. nyererei male colorationis carotenoid based, illustrating the potential for honest signalingof individual quality. In a wild population, we found that variationin male coloration was not associated with variation in a setof strongly intercorrelated indicators of male dominance: malesize, territory size, and territory location. Instead, the 2male characters that predominantly determine female choice,territory size and red coloration, may be independent predictorsof male quality: males with bright red coloration and largeterritories had lower parasite infestation rates. As a result,female preferences tended to select against heavily parasitizedmales. Consistent with parasite-mediated sexual selection, maleshad higher and more variable parasite loads than females.     

Male reproductive suppression in the cooperatively breeding fish Neolamprologus pulcher

In most cooperative breeders, dominants suppress the reproductionof subordinates. However, two previous studies of Neolamprologuspulcher, a cooperatively breeding cichlid fish, have suggestedthat socially subordinate helper males sneak fertilizationsfrom dominant breeding males. If such sneaking does occur, boththeoretical work and empirical studies of other fish speciessuggest that sperm competition will select for increased reproductiveinvestment by sneaker males, relative to more dominant males.To address these issues, we quantified gonadal investment andsperm characteristics of 41 N. pulcher male breeders and 62male helpers from 55 groups in Lake Tanganyika. Gonadal investmentfollowed patterns consistent with reproductive suppression,with breeders having considerably larger testes masses thanhelpers. Breeders also had faster and longer swimming spermand a higher percentage of motile sperm compared to helpers.However, sperm characteristics of large helpers were similarto those of breeders, but these same helpers had lower testesmasses. Thus, large helpers had sperm that were physiologicallyequivalent to that of breeders, but their relatively small gonadsimply that they were reproductively suppressed.     

Relationships between fish feeding guild and trophic structure in English lowland shallow lakes subject to anthropogenic influence: implications for lake restoration

The shallow lakes of Eastern England have been subject to intense anthropogenic pressures including nutrient enrichment and fish stocking. We sought to determine the relationships between fish community structure and other ecosystem characteristics in 28 of these lakes through classification of fish species into piscivorous, zooplanktivorous and benthivorous feeding guilds according to the literature. Canonical correspondence analysis produced clear associations between fish and ecosystem characteristics that generally agreed with other theoretical (e.g. the alternative stable states hypothesis) and empirical studies, but with some important differences. There was a striking lack of relationships between nutrients and other variables, indicating the importance of top-down rather than bottom-up processes as a structuring force in the generally eutrophic study lakes. The presence of submerged (and shoreline) vegetation was associated with a diverse assemblage of apparently co-existing piscivorous (principally pike Esox lucius) and zooplanktivorous species. Perch Perca fluviatilis, a significant predator in other studies, was unimportant and argued to be limited by water quality in the extremely shallow lakes. In contrast, the benthivorous fish guild (principally carp Cyprinus carpio, bream Abramis brama and tench Tinca tinca) essentially represented the inverse of the potential pelagic associations between piscivores/zooplanktivores and vegetation. The introduction of large benthivores to many study lakes could have precipitated a loss of submerged vegetation through direct uprooting during foraging, with the effect of simplifying the fish community being most acute where littoral vegetation was limited by other anthropogenic factors. It is implied that attempts to promote or restore submerged vegetation in these lakes would best target benthivorous species.     

遗鸥繁殖期新分布——内蒙古袄太湿地

2012年5月24日在内蒙古呼和浩特市袄太湿地观测到遗鸥(Larus relictus) 640只,包括285只坐巢个体.遗鸥集中分布在四个湖心岛上,仅利用高出水面20 ～ 50 cm左右的岛面营巢.此次发现属于我国遗鸥的新繁殖地.